Who wants to do a deep dive into the meaning of ‘radish’ with us? The Language and History of the generic words for radish in Korea Japan and China is quite interesting and it gives great insight into how language might be used in ways that may confuse English speakers from Western countries. Hidden Culture In Action I have a hard time quickly comprehending new aspects of hidden culture, especially when it comes to linguistic nuance in generic terms. For me, my brain sees language as very black or white so I follow the meaning in the dictionary. This is true in all languages I speak, including English. That means that I learn all linguistic hidden culture the hard way. This includes the complexity behind the generic terms for “radish” in East Asian cultures. Today, I’m going to walk you through some hidden culture I’ve uncovered regarding “radish”, the implications, and some thoughts on navigating the complexity. Keep in mind, this is all a discussion and exploration on a topic. It’s not prescriptive regarding anyone’s culture. Instead, it’s descriptive documentation of what I’ve observed so far. New information is appreciated, so if you have additional information, please leave a comment. Different Cultures think of “Radish” Differently Lets start with addressing the term “radish” from an English perspective v. radish in Korea Japan and China. To many English speakers, “radish” we often think of small red salad vegetable when we hear the word, but it has no deep cultural meaning. It’s simply a generic term for scientific label. Also, when you search for “radish seeds” in English on Coupang, they populate the round red style radishes. However, in East Asia the generic terms (because each country has their own) for ‘radish’ points to a large, white, and culturally significant root. This blog post will explore the East Asian concepts of “radish” and how not understanding the complexity of the term can cause issues for English speakers from Western countries. One way to explore the different cultural views of ‘radish’ is to search for radish seeds on Coupang, a shopping site in South Korea, using both English and Hangul. When you search for radish seeds (무씨앗) in Korean on Coupang, they search prioritize more white radishes. Let’s get into why Koreans, Japanese, and Chinese generally refer the same species (R. raphanistrum) when talking about radishes, but treat their generic term like a specific species of radish. Linguistic Map of the “Radish” Across East Asia In order to better understand what “radish” means, let’s look at the different generic terms for radish in English and East Asia: Language Common Word Writing / Script Literal Meaning Linguistic Origin Cultural Notes English Radish Latin radix (“root”) Root Greco-Latin Focuses on anatomy of the plant, not culture. Korean 무 (mu) Native Korean — Pre-Sino (indigenous term) Represents Korea’s agricultural independence; mu survives despite Chinese script influence. Japanese 大根 (daikon) Kanji “Big root” Sino-Japanese (borrowed via Chinese characters) Reflects early linguistic borrowing from Tang-era China. Chinese (Mandarin) 萝卜 (luóbo) Simplified / Traditional: 蘿蔔 “Turnip-like root” (ancient compound) Old Chinese (native) Base term for radish family; influenced Korean and Japanese lexicons indirectly through trade. VERY Brief History of the Term for Radish in Each Country Now that you know the different generic terms for radish, lets talk about the history of R. raphanistrum in East Asia. We realize a whole book could be written on this, but we need to keep the information amount realistic so please forgive the very brief details: The Chinese Origin Story: 萝卜 (Luóbo) China’s term 萝卜 (luóbo) dates back over a thousand years, first appearing in Tang dynasty agricultural texts. It originally referred to a turnip-like root before being used for white radishes. This is where the white radish trend in East Asia originated. Korea’s Native Resistance: 무 (Mu) Unlike Japan, Korea retained a native Korean root term “mu” for their name for radish. Even though Hanja (Chinese characters) was the main writing system for centuries, Koreans did not replace “mu” with a Sino-Korean equivalent. They kept an indigenous connection to farming vocabulary. In historical records (e.g., Samguk Sagi), mu in reference to winter vegetables. So, the Korean term for “radish” is traditionally a VERY generic term. Japan’s Adaptation: 大根 (Daikon) Japan took a different linguistic route. By combining Chinese logographs (dai = big, kon = root), the Japanese created their term: daikon, a word both borrowed and reinterpreted. How Linguistics and History Impact Meaning This is where things get culturally complicated. Let’s talk about how choosing ‘daikon” as the generic words “English” term for white radish in all East Asian cooking might not be linguistically wrong, but it also might not FEEL right for East Asian people. Let’s keeping digging and and expanding on this idea. The Generic Terms for Radish in Each Lanuage Have Specific Cultural Context Although luóbo (萝卜), mu (무), and daikon (大根) all refer to what English speakers might simply call a “radish,” their cultural meanings have diverged so deeply that East Asians may not view them as the same vegetable at all. They will argue you to the ground because their concept of “radish” isn’t scientific, it’s cultural. Even if all the common type of radish in East Asia share a common botanical ancestor, cultivation varies between country making if FEEL like the white radishes are all different. It’s important to consider this when talking about radishes because different world views matter. Shared Origin, Divergent Identity Historically, the white radish spread from ancient China throughout East Asia. Folks may also have opinions on that, but we don’t that can be discussed another time. The was locally adapted to soil, climate, and cuisine. These physical and culinary divergences helped redefine each country’s concept of “radish.” Over centuries, the word stopped meaning “the same root from China” and started meaning our root, our crop, our taste. Language as Cultural Boundary Here’s where things become tricky for English speakers. In English, “radish” is a generic botanical term. We are talking about one species with many varieties. However, in Korean and Japanese, mu and daikon are living cultural categories, not just plant classifications. That’s where things start to get messy. I certainly struggle with how to navigate this since I’m very facts based. For example: This is why many Koreans and Chinese may feel frustrated or even erased when English speakers use “daikon” to describe all East Asian radishes. To them, the term daikon no longer feels generic. They feel daikon is specifically Japanese, just as mu feels distinctly Korean. Example: Online you can find a listing for “Chinese Radish (Daikon) 白萝卜.” It’s a bit strange to put the Japanese term on a listing specifically discussing the Chinese cultivation of Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus. Empathy Activity Take a moment to go do a Google search. Google “Chinese radish” or “Korean radish” and review the results. You may observe how the Chinese and Korean cultivations of radish are all lumped in with Japanese daikon. You may even start to feel frustrated as well. Hidden Culture and Diaspora Keep in mind, this topic wouldn’t be complete without acknowledging East Asian people living in the diaspora (i.e. outside their home country). People living in diaspora often develop a different hidden culture from those who remain in their home country because their daily experiences reshape what feels “normal” or “appropriate.” When people move abroad, they carry their early cultural programming but adapt it to survive and connect in new social systems. Over years or generations, these adaptations form a new version of the original culture, one that feels authentic to the diaspora community but may seem unfamiliar or even “wrong” to people in the homeland. For example, East Asians living in the diaspora in an English speaking society may feel more strongly about how others the different generic terms for ‘radish’. Therefore, remember that those living in the diaspora have their own valid perceptions of the term ‘radish’ that shouldn’t be dismissed based on how Korean’s born and raised in South Korea view it. Why All This May Matter for English Speakers When English recipes or markets label everything as “daikon,” it erases centuries of linguistic diversity. Calling the Korean mu or Chinese luóbo “daikon” isn’t botanically wrong, but it collapses cultural nuance into a single Japanese-centered term. This linguistic habit is likely a remnant of early 20th-century Western exposure to Japanese cuisine. Understanding these distinctions restores linguistic respect and historical accuracy in online communication about East Asian foods. Let’s talk about the realities of what this looks like in daily life. What Should English Speakers Call Radish Then? Honestly, English speakers from Western countries (like me) have a lesson to learn from all this. What seems like a small vegetable disagreement actually reveals something profound: East Asian languages treat food words as cultural categories, not scientific labels. To call mu “daikon” is, linguistically speaking, like calling baguette a “roll.” The ingredients may be similar, but the cultural DNA are entirely different. We should take care. It’s going to be hard, but learning to navigate the term “radish” with grace may help us all build better relationships with our East Asian friends. It’s something I continue to work on refining in my own life. None of my friends have every mentioned it as a problem in person, but online I’ve come across people who feel STRONGLY about the differences. So this is my plan: Respecting the Distinctions in Cooking Remaining mindful about my choices to help preserve cultural nuance: Respecting the Distinctions in Conversations In daily life things get more messy but I will do my best and acknowledge the complexity. It’s hard to find the balance between being a bossy pants during a conversation and being culturally respectful. Do you correct every English speaker about how they use the term daikon in conversation? That’s a hard one to tackle since it’s pretty ubiquitous term. For me, if I’m bringing up the topic of radishes, I’m going to lead with the correct term for radish based on the topic of conversation. However, if I’m joining a conversation and they have chosen to use a specific term for radish that doesn’t match the context, I’m going to follow their lead. Then, when an the appropriate time comes to talk about the distinction, I’m going to add information. I’m also going to write this blog post to help all of use keep this concept on our minds in daily conversation. Good Luck With Your Hidden Culture Journey Navigating the cultural complexity within language is never easy. Taking the time to learn more is the first step to growth so you are on the right path. We are all evolving every day and that makes life more fun. Why I Wrote Such a Tedious Blog about a Single Word I shared this exploration of the meaning of “radish” to share how I practice curiosity in my life. I’ve seen the inconsistencies in how “radish” is used in conversation. I’ve experienced how the use of “daikon” in all English recipes made it hard for me to choose the right kind of white radish for Korean cooking when I lived in other countries. Through all this I knew we were all talking about the same thing from different perspectives and I wanted to know why. So here we are. Thank you for coming to my Ted Talk. Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers,...

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Looking for a home away from home with fantastic, award-winning craft beer in Korea? Then you need to head to White Crow in Pyeongchang-gun, about a 20-minute drive from Dunnae KTX Station and 15 minutes from WelliHilli. Visit here often, and you might just find yourself tapping into beers and a rich community. My Lens on this Recommendation When you are a tourist, you have different priorities than when you live in a place. At South of Seoul, we help international residents find spots that make Korea home. That’s why I’m always on my soapbox about visiting White Crow in Pyeongchang (평창군), Gangwon-do. It’s where we connect with other people who love craft beers, hiking, cycling, skiing, gardening, and so much more. We’ve met new friends all across Korea while hanging out at this wonderful establishment. That’s why we think it’s one of the best breweries in Korea. How We Found White Crow We first learned about White Crow during several weeks of online research, which involved documenting breweries outside of Seoul. We were searching 수제맥주 on Naver platforms and found the brewery briefly referenced on Korean blogs. However, we thought, “When would we ever go to that part of Gangwon-do?” Then, a few months after our initial research, Osan Craft Beer Club shared their post on South of Seoul titled 3 Brewery Travel Itinerary for Gangwondo. After reading the piece, we realized the White Crow was actually located near a snowboarding area so we decide to check it out. After that first visit, our time at White Crow snowballed into us spending the majority of our free time in Gangwon-do. Easy Going Mountain Vibes When you’re looking for a peaceful place to unwind, White Crow delivers. That’s one reason we keep going back. The rural brewery offers creative and complex craft beer flights surrounded by stunning views in a picturesque Gangwon-do valley. I feel my stress fall off as soon as we pull into the parking lot. I relax even more when I walk inside. As someone from Alaska, the Canadian mood makes me feel right at home. I don’t say this lightly. As a chronically overproductive person, it’s one of the few places I can truly relax. Commitment to Collaboration The White Crow owners not only have a passion for craft beer, but they also hold a commitment to collaboration, and that leads to a strong community. White Crow consistently works with other breweries on delicious beers and collaborates with cycling groups, hiking groups, and other community leaders to bring people together. Their work keeps us all engaged and coming back for more events, new beers, and interesting people. Each time we attend one of these collaborations, we leave with new friends and a deeper sense of community. About the Brewing Here is what I know about their beers. White Crow Brewing uses ultra-pure water drawn from 220 meters underground in the Pyeongchang mountains, a fact I love. They then carefully combine selected malts and hops with local and imported ingredients depending on the season. They follow this all up with a meticulous brewing process that I’m not an expert in, but they would be happy to tell you about. Some of White Crows past signature brews have included (remember these changes so check their Naver Maps Menu for current offerings): Pyeongchang Gold (ABV 5.2%, IBU 20), a smooth golden ale with hints of orange; Altitude Amber (5.3%, IBU 25), with biscuit and caramel notes; and Gorani Brown (6.5%, IBU 30), a rich brown ale with dark chocolate and coffee flavors that earned a silver medal at the Asia Beer Championship. Their seasonal and experimental lineup includes the White Crow IPA (6.5%, IBU ~40), known for its bright tropical and citrus notes; Booster Double IPA (8%, IBU 60) with bold hop intensity; and Birdsong (4.7%, IBU 15), a delicate ale infused with subtle Earl Grey tea aromas. Every brew reflects the founders’ passion for quality, creativity, and collaboration. Keep in mind, White Crow Brewing creates small batches, so their beers change by season and ingredient availability. I love this because I am not a beer aficionado, but I might be a beer snob. I have only ever drunk craft beer, and I want to try something new all the time. Wonderful Food Of course, White Crow Brewery doesn’t just have some of the best award-winning craft beer in Korea, the food also never lets us down. We love going for the BBQ, pizzas, and poutine. This is the kind of food we need after a day of snowboarding or hiking in the nearby mountains. Additionally, it’s the perfect food pairing for the beer. Dog Friendly White Crow owners and staff often have dogs that come to work with them. They also welcome visiting dogs of all sizes that are polite and friendly. In the summer, they have both inside and shaded outside space for sitting and eating with your pets. Do keep in mind that if other guests have a fear of dogs, you may need to wait until they finish or eat in the outside area out of consideration. We also bring a soft kennel for our dog so she can take a nap next to us if anyone doesn’t love dogs on a day we visit. Why We Keep Going Back As international residents in South Korea, we all need third places. Third places are spots where we can meet people who share the same interests and goals. We find that at White Crow. It’s a place that helps us build a sense of place and belonging. We Rarely Drink, and We Still LOVE White Crow What might surprise you is that we don’t drink much. We love trying new beers, but we do a sampler, and we are finished. White Crow Brewery makes space for everyone. You can feel comfortable bringing your kids, your dog (as long as no other customers are disturbed), your drinking friends, and your non-drinking friends. We often only get food because we need to drive long distances afterward. It’s still worth a stop every single time. Long List of Craft Beer Awards If you do drink, you will be VERY happy with your choice to visit White Crow because they are passionate about their work. They have competed and won at the Korea International Beer Awards, Asia Beer Championship, and the Korea Beer Wine and Spirits Awards. Award-winning Craft Beers: 2025 Awards 2024 Awards 2023 Awards 2021 Awards 2020 Awards 2019 Awards Where To find White Crow Brewery We look forward to seeing you there! Follow Osan Craft Beer Club Join Pyeongtaek Craft Beer Society Join Pyeongtaek Travelers Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers, non-profit organizations, businesses, local & federal government, universities, and US military organizations to develop solutions to support English speaking international residents in rural South Korea. Additionally, Ms. Rivers-Woods founded the South of Seoul smart phone app available for Google Play and iPhone. The app provides information a resources for those living and traveling in South Korea. When she isn’t in South of Seoul development meetings or working her day job, Ms. Rivers-Woods loves to be outside at skate parks, the beach, or playing in the mountains. www.southofseoul.net

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Would you like to escape the maddening crowds in your area? Trying to find a unique day trip from Seoul? Maybe you are a tourist looking to get outside Seoul, into a small town to try the food in a non-tourist area? Consider spending the weekend in Dunnae. Here are our absolute favorite spots in a town that feels like home. A Peaceful Place to Explore Korean Cuisine We often tell people to get outside Seoul or Busan and into the little towns. However, this is kind of a wild thing for us to say if we don’t follow it up with a way to make it possible. That’s why we want to shed some light on this sleepy and easily accessible little town of Dunnae. The town has a variety of Korean restaurants within walking distance or a short taxi ride from each other. This makes it an ideal spot for a weekend of countryside food exploration. About Dunnae Tucked into the mountains of Gangwon-do near WelliHilli Resort, this little town offers big flavors and warm hospitality that reflect Korea’s deep culinary traditions. They don’t have many international tourists, but they do have international residents from Vietnam, Thailand, Uzbekistan, Canada, Australia, and more. Dunnae isn’t for people looking for entertainment. It’s for anyone looking to lazy about eating, drinking coffee, and enjoying the countryside. It’s a day in a small town. If you need others to generate your fun, this day trip is NOT for you. We LOVE it here, but we also enjoy spending the whole day reading a book on the rock path that crosses the river through town. We find peace with ourselves and enjoy existing in rural spaces. Accessible by KTX Since Dunnae has a KTX station in town, it’s easy to access from Seoul and other parts of the country. The KTX station sits on the edge of town, making most of the restaurants walkable in about 10-20 minutes. In winter, a free bus runs from the KTX station to the local ski resort and then back through town. Perfect Foodie Day Trip from Seoul The KTX station makes Dunnae perfect for a day trip from Seoul or the surrounding areas. Wake up in the morning to take the KTX to this sleepy little town and laze about for the day. Also, you might want to arrive around 9:30 – 10:00 since most restaurants will open between 10 am-11 am. If you do this, you can eat all day, do a little hike or visit the WelliHilli resort for activities, and then grab the KTX back to Seoul in the evening. Perfect for tourists or Seoul residents who need a break from all the hustle and bustle. Attend the 5-Day Market If you visit Dunnae on a day with a 5 or a 0 in it, you will be able to see a traveling traditional market that comes to town every 5 days. This gives you deeper insight in small-town life in South Korea. Remember, this market is not designed for tourists; it’s designed for the community. (Market Days: 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th, 30th) Recommend Korean Lunch Restaurants Lunch will start between 10 am and 11 am. Don’t eat too late in the day or it will cut into your dinner, which will need to happen between 6 pm and 7 pm for best results. Dunnae Restaurants For Dinner Once you have worked off lunch, it’s time for a big dinner. Remember that you need to be seated no later than 7:00pm. Many restaurants may close by 8:00pm, and you don’t want to miss your chance for more deliciousness. Also, remember this is the countryside, which means restaurants might close early if they don’t see people out and about. By showing up for dinner around 6pm, you can avoid most of these types of inconveniences. With that said, the following are excellent dinner options: Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers, non-profit organizations, businesses, local & federal government, universities, and US military organizations to develop solutions to support English speaking international residents in rural South Korea. Additionally, Ms. Rivers-Woods founded the South of Seoul smart phone app available for Google Play and iPhone. The app provides information a resources for those living and traveling in South Korea. When she isn’t in South of Seoul development meetings or working her day job, Ms. Rivers-Woods loves to be outside at skate parks, the beach, or playing in the mountains. www.southofseoul.net

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Managing your taxes in South Korea can sometimes feel like a mystery, so welcome to my new series for those struggling to understand the Korean income tax system and how it applies to them. Let’s begin by talking about how to get your Korean tax refunds by filing your taxes in May. You can refile Your taxes Did you know you can get more money back from your taxes, even after you have already filed them? In South Korea, workers can refile or adjust their income tax in May to try and increase their refund. This process is called 종합소득세 정산 (jong-hap so-deuk-se jeong-san), and apps like 쌈쩜쌈 (ssamzzumssam) make it much easier. Let’s walk through refiling in May, how it works with 쌈쩜쌈, and why you might want to try it, especially if you might have missed tax credits or deductions the first time. Since the office staff at your work is trying to get your taxes done fast, it’s very likely they missed out on deductions. What Is “Tax Adjustment” in May? Even though most workers in Korea have taxes automatically taken from their paycheck and filed by their employers in January, sometimes things get missed, like: If you forgot to include these during the 연말정산 (year-end tax adjustment) in January or February, you can try again in May! This second chance is part of the national tax system and is available to both Korean citizens and foreigners working in Korea. It’s worth the effort to check for free using the 쌈쩜쌈 App What Is the 쌈쩜쌈 App? 쌈쩜쌈 is a free app (available only in Korean) that helps you check if you’re owed extra Korean tax refunds. It connects directly to the Hometax system (the official National Tax Service website) and uses your records to: Even if you already filed, 쌈쩜쌈 can refile or submit a 경정청구 (tax correction request) on your behalf. 💡 Note: You’ll need your 인증서 (digital certificate) to use the app. If you don’t have it yet, you can apply through your bank. How I started Using the 쌈쩜쌈 App When I am bored, I will go through my bank app and look at the different services being advertised there. While reading through the offers, I came across the 쌈쩜쌈 app, and they said I might have 300,000 KRW in refunds owed to me over the last few years. This seemed like a trap and possibly a scam, so of course I had to see if it worked. I downloaded the app, it said the government owed me quite a lot in refunds, I clicked a lot of buttons that I didn’t fully understand, and a few weeks later, all that money was deposited into my bank account. In fact, I ended up receiving around 476,000 KRW in refunds for 2018, 2019, and 2020. That’s right. I refiled my taxes from yesteryear. Now, if my process for first using 쌈쩜쌈 sounds foolish and uninformed, you would be a smart person who judges the situation accurately. At that time, I just blindly gave all my information to an app and wasn’t even certain why. Obviously, I had some context clues and my bank recommended it, but it was pretty much just blind faith that something good could happen. Thankfully, my bank recommended a reliable, affordable, and relatively easy-to-use service. After doing more research into the app, I am now a 쌈쩜쌈 super fan and recommend it to other international residents. Why This Matters for You Getting your full refund means more money in your pocket. For families, students, or people with extra health expenses, even ₩100,000–₩500,000 KRW can make a big difference. Also, some people don’t know that foreigners on work visas are usually eligible for many of the same deductions, like housing, family support, and even overseas tuition, if the paperwork is submitted properly. This means the folks at your job aren’t finding all the possible refunds available to you. Not out of malice, they just don’t know, but the 쌈쩜쌈 app does. Who Can Benefit Most? This process is especially helpful for: Is It Safe? Yes, but only if you use trusted apps like 쌈쩜쌈, which are approved by Korean banks and the National Tax Service. Honestly, I had no idea if it was safe when I tried it, but now I understand how it works better and feel much better about my choices. You’ll need to log in using your bank certificate, so make sure to protect your password and only use the official app. ⚠️ Avoid using third-party services that ask for your Hometax login directly. Use apps that connect securely, like 쌈쩜쌈, or file yourself on www.hometax.go.kr (Korean only). Tip: Use a Translator Tool This app is NOT in English in a big way. Since 쌈쩜쌈 is in Korean only, use a tool like: These can help you read the instructions and understand what the app is doing. Having a person there who speaks Korean can also help. How to Use 쌈쩜쌈 to Refile These are very reductive directions, and there will be more hurdles than this, but here is an overview of what to expect when applying for your Korean tax refunds. Virtual Waiting Room If you wait to file until May, you may end up in a virtual waiting room. Don’t panic, the app will give you a waiting number and let you know when you can file. This is done to manage the increased user load during the prime filing month. It’s a clever way of managing their servers and meeting their users’ needs. Important Dates Cost for the Service The 쌈쩜쌈 app uses a performance-based pricing model, which means you only pay if you get a refund. This was why it seemed like a scam to me but they truly followed their pricing model. Here’s a breakdown of the cost: 쌈쩜쌈 Service Fees (2024–2025) Refund Amount Service Fee ₩0 – ₩50,000 Free (No charge at all) ₩50,001 and above 10% of your refund (VAT included) Example:If your refund is ₩200,000, the service fee will be ₩20,000.You will receive ₩180,000 directly to your account. No Upfront Payment You are not required to continue with the process if you don’t want to pay the service fee. You can stop before submitting and use the suggestions to file manually on the Hometax website for free (if you’re comfortable with Korean). There were no surprises. The fee seemed VERY reasonable considering how easy they made it and how impossible it would be for me to get my Korean tax refunds on my own. Final Thoughts If you’ve worked in Korea and paid taxes, you deserve every won of your tax refunds. May is your chance to check again, correct mistakes, and take care of yourself and your family. Apps like 쌈쩜쌈 make it possible, even if Korean isn’t your first language. Taking the time to refile can be worth it. And if you help someone else refile, too? That’s money well-spent in your community. Go get your Korean tax refunds!!! Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers, non-profit organizations, businesses, local & federal government, universities, and US military organizations to develop solutions to support English speaking international residents in rural South Korea. Additionally, Ms. Rivers-Woods founded the South of Seoul smart phone app available for Google Play and iPhone. The app provides information a resources for those living and traveling in South Korea. When she isn’t in South of Seoul development meetings or working her day job, Ms. Rivers-Woods loves to be outside at skate parks, the beach, or playing in the mountains. www.southofseoul.net

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As a person with histamine issues, I can’t go hard on the Korean convenience store snacks. Thankfully, the traditional markets have some wonderful snacking alternatives. The maemil snacks (메밀과자), or Korean Buckwheat Crackers, remain one of my favorites for a wide variety of reasons. Let’s dive in. Explore Korean Culture Through Food Incorporating 메밀과자 into your meals is a wonderful way to explore Korean culinary traditions. Buckwheat has been a part of Korean cuisine for centuries, and by adding these crackers to your pantry, you’re not just enjoying a snack but also connecting with a long-standing cultural heritage. An added benefit to this is that more traditional snacks are often healthier, more filling, easier to access, and cheaper than imported or processed foods. A Crunchy and Nutritious Alternative Unlike many processed snacks, 메밀과자 are made from buckwheat flour, which offers a number of health benefits. Buckwheat is a great source of fiber, protein, and antioxidants, making it a more nutrient-dense option compared to regular wheat-based crackers. The slightly nutty, earthy flavor of the buckwheat gives these crackers a unique taste that’s both satisfying and wholesome. For me personally, this means it’s a snack that I can comfortably eat. The one thing I do have to lookout for are the toppings they might add. Sometimes they are too sweet or too salty. I’m always looking for a vendor that sells the most basic version of 메밀과자. If it’s plain it’s pure perfection and then I add my seasoning at home. A Healthier Snack Choice While 메밀과자 is still a treat, it’s a more wholesome alternative to many conventional snacks. Buckwheat flour is naturally gluten-free, making it a good option for those who need to avoid gluten. It’s also rich in essential amino acids and has a lower glycemic index than refined wheat, making it a great choice for those looking to keep their energy steady throughout the day. In terms of gluten, though, we don’t recommend it for celiacs because we can’t guarantee no cross-contamination. Additionally, to be gluten-free, you also need to make sure they don’t have any seasoning. However, if you are simply avoiding gluten, then this is a perfect snack option. Unlike many heavily processed snacks, 메밀과자 is often lightly seasoned and free from artificial preservatives, giving you a more natural snacking experience. This is why I love it. My histamine issues stem from the processing of foods, so I can enjoy these snacks and live a comfortable life. Great for Meal Prep and Entertaining 메밀과자 are not only perfect for snacking but also great for meal prep and entertaining. Use them as the base for a quick snack platter, or serve them as a fun, crunchy garnish for soups, salads, or even grain bowls. Their versatility means they pair well with both savory and sweet dishes, making them an easy snack to add to your routine, no matter the occasion. Perfect with International Cuisines One of the best things about 메밀과자 is how adaptable they are. While they’re a staple snack in Korea, you can easily integrate them into a wide range of international dishes. Here are some fun and creative ways to use them: How to Incorporate 메밀과자 into Non-Korean Dishes Though 메밀과자 have deep roots in Korean cuisine, they are versatile enough to be used in a variety of non-Korean dishes. Here’s how you can use these buckwheat crackers in your favorite international recipes: Where to Buy Them You can purchase 메밀과자 at traditional markets and 5 day markets across Korea. We encourage you to buy from these smaller vendors. However, if you can’t, you can easily find 메밀과자 at most Korean supermarkets or online specialty stores. They come in various sizes, from individually packaged portions to bulk bags, so you can choose the one that best fits your needs. Final Thoughts Adding 메밀과자 to your grocery list is an easy way to explore new flavors and give your meals a Korean-inspired twist. Whether you’re looking for a crunchy snack, a unique topping, or a fun ingredient to experiment with, these buckwheat crackers offer a world of possibilities. So, the next time you’re at the market, pick up a bag and get ready to enjoy the crunchy goodness of 메밀과자! Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers, non-profit organizations, businesses, local & federal government, universities, and US military organizations to develop solutions to support English speaking international residents in rural South Korea. Additionally, Ms. Rivers-Woods founded the South of Seoul smart phone app available for Google Play and iPhone. The app provides information a resources for those living and traveling in South Korea. When she isn’t in South of Seoul development meetings or working her day job, Ms. Rivers-Woods loves to be outside at skate parks, the beach, or playing in the mountains. www.southofseoul.net

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When you are homesick it can be easy to turn to social media platforms for support regarding your Expat Experience in Korea. However, this may not always be a healthy choice for those struggling with culture shock. The following post delves into how social media algorithms, confirmation bias, and the expat experience intersect. Not a sexy topic but very important for happiness. My Experience with Algorithms and Culture Shock As an international resident in South Korea with nearly 25 years of experience in algorithms, SEO, social media, and their impact on social groups, I’ve observed how these digital tools can profoundly shape our perceptions of a culture and our ability or desire to integrate into that culture. Originally this work focused on marginalized groups in the United States and international communities in Mexico. Acknowledging the Algorithm in the Room The following post seeks to shed light on the Expat Experience in Korea and the pitfalls of digital echo chambers, confirmation bias, and algorithm-driven content feeds. I hope to empower expats (also referred to as international residents) to question their algorithms and assess their impact on their lives. Through personal anecdotes, research findings, and practical tips, we’ll explore how heightened awareness can help you harness algorithms wisely without letting them define or distort the rich tapestry of life in South Korea. Keep in mind, I am NOT anti-algorithm or technology. In fact, working in the tech space is a great joy for me. I simply want to inform and empower. Let’s get into it. Technology, Culture Shock, and the Expat Experience You may find moving abroad and navigating a new culture can be exhilarating and emotionally challenging. For many international residents, social media becomes an important way to stay connected with friends and family back home, find other international community members with similar backgrounds, and seek advice from online communities. However, algorithms and confirmation bias—often working hand in hand—can create hidden traps that exacerbate struggles with culture shock or skew perspectives on the host country. Potential Impact of Echo Chambers on Mental Health In short, your online experience becomes an echo chamber of your best and worst experiences in a country which may lead you to believe that your experience exists as a universal truth. This then can result in interpreting minor negative interactions—like an offhand comment or a single confusing government appointment—as proof that “everyone here is unfriendly” or “the system is always broken.” Consequently, you might withdraw from local engagement and miss opportunities to build authentic connections or access valuable resources, ultimately prolonging and deepening feelings of isolation and culture shock. To keep disconnections from happening, let’s dive more into how online echo chambers get built. How Algorithms Shape Reality Social media algorithms are designed to present users with content that keeps them engaged. They learn from your likes, shares, comments, and even dwell time on certain posts or videos. Over time, these algorithms can: Let’s take a look at an example of this from our research. Example in a Korean Context Imagine you’re moving to Korea and following a handful of Western influencers who focus exclusively on the country’s glamorous nightlife, trendy cafés, and must-try beauty products. Each time you like or share one of these glitzy posts, the algorithm takes note and shows you even more of the same. Over time, your feed becomes dominated by perfectly curated snapshots of an Instagram-ready Korea. You are excited to get out there and feel those immaculate vibes. While this might seem harmless or even inspiring, it can create an unrealistic “highlight reel” of daily life. When you eventually face real-world hurdles in accessing experiences you saw online, it can feel shocking or disheartening because of challenges like language barriers, complex bureaucracy, or cultural nuances. This disconnect may reinforce culture shock, making it harder to adapt or appreciate the full breadth of Korean life. This dissonance between curated online content and real-life challenges can trigger more intense culture shock behaviors, such as heightened irritation with day-to-day differences, isolation from local communities, and a deepened reliance on like-minded online groups. Over time, these reactions not only impede personal growth and cross-cultural understanding but also propagate narrow stereotypes about the host country. This may impact overall social cohesion. When expats remain trapped in an online echo chamber, it limits opportunities for genuine engagement and mutual respect, ultimately hindering both individual adaptation and broader societal harmony. Confirmation Bias: Seeing What You Expect Confirmation bias is our tendency to look for and interpret information in a way that confirms our preexisting beliefs. For international residents, this can manifest in several ways: Why This Can Be Problematic for Culture Shock When algorithms (feeding you repetitive content) collide with confirmation bias (making you believe what you already suspect), culture shock can worsen. Instead of moving through the natural phases—honeymoon, frustration, adjustment, and adaptation—some expats get stuck in a loop of negative or overly idealized portrayals of their new environment. Multiple Perspectives on This Intersection Taking the impact of algorithms on culture shock into consideration, you may want to consider your algorithm and how it may impact your long-term success: After considering this impact, you may also want to consider different ways of managing that impact on your life. Strategies for Overcoming Algorithmic Pitfalls You can take charge of how online algorithms impact your life in a few different ways: My Final Thoughts Algorithms and confirmation bias can converge to create distorted expat experiences in Korea. Balancing digital engagement with real-world interaction and actively seeking diverse, credible sources can help you navigate your new environment more accurately and adapt with greater confidence. Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers, non-profit organizations, businesses, local & federal government, universities, and US military organizations to develop solutions to support English speaking international residents in rural South Korea. Additionally, Ms. Rivers-Woods founded the South of Seoul smart phone app available for Google Play and iPhone. The app provides information a resources for those living and traveling in South Korea. When she isn’t in South of Seoul development meetings or working her day job, Ms. Rivers-Woods loves to be outside at skate parks, the beach, or playing in the mountains. www.southofseoul.net

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Have you ever felt frustrated by using a “foreigner-friendly service” that didn’t meet YOUR personal needs, even though you are a foreigner? Let’s talk about the issues around the term “foreigner” and how it may negatively impact programs designed to support diversity, equity, and inclusion in South Korea. From One Foreigner to Another First of all, I want to clearly state that I am a foreigner in Korea who has lived in Korea since 2011. I have volunteered to help design information and programming for foreign integration into rural Korea since 2015. Although I take no issue with being referred to as a “foreigner”, the term causes many issues within our wider society that may negatively impact society and integration. The following post represents my lived experience with the invisible impact of the term ‘foreigner’ on individuals and program planning. Let’s get into it. Let’s Talk About the “Foreigner” in the Room In South Korea, the term “foreigner” (외국인) is widely used in media, casual conversation, and official discourse. Despite its frequent use, the meaning and implications of the term are often misunderstood. The term carries legal, social, and cultural connotations that affect how individuals are perceived and treated within Korean society. This article explores the complexities behind the term “foreigner,” how it impacts policy and social integration, and why more precise language is essential for fostering inclusivity. The Scope and Complexity of “Foreigner” Although people labeled as “foreigners” in South Korea lead vastly different lives, they are often grouped under a single identity. This oversimplification ignores the diverse experiences, contributions, and challenges faced by different groups. As a result, public policies and services targeted at “foreigners” often fail to meet the specific needs of distinct populations. Understand we, as foreigners, are complicit in the overuse of the term ‘foreigner.’ Therefore, take a moment to analyze our own biases as we consider the information presented in this post. This is something I like to do regularly. Reflection Activity Take a moment to reflect on how you define the term “foreigner.” When you hear the word, what kind of person do you imagine? Understanding how personal assumptions shape the meaning of “foreigner” is essential for recognizing the limitations of the term in real-world contexts. Now we are ready to tackle the larger conversation. Legal and Social Definitions of “Foreigner” For those living in South Korea, the term “foreigner” has distinct legal, social, and cultural meanings, which may overlap in daily life and cause confusion. Recognizing these differences is key to understanding the complexities faced by international residents and multicultural families in South Korea. Legal Definition Under South Korean law, a “foreigner” is defined as anyone who does not hold South Korean citizenship. According to the Nationality Act (국적법), even individuals born in Korea or those who have lived in Korea for decades remain legally classified as foreigners unless they acquire South Korean citizenship through naturalization. For example: Social and Cultural Perceptions In everyday conversation, the term oegugin (외국인) often carries social and cultural implications beyond legal status. Examples include: These examples highlight how social definitions of “foreigner” are shaped by ethnic and cultural markers rather than legal status. How AI Defines “Foreigner” in Korea To understand how the term “foreigner” is interpreted in digital spaces, let’s examine how artificial intelligence defines the term. Google AI Definition Google AI defines a “foreigner” in Korea as: “Any person who does not possess the nationality of the Republic of Korea and who is legally staying in the country.” While legally accurate, this definition overlooks key social and cultural dimensions, including: ChatGPT Definition ChatGPT provides a more detailed definition, recognizing different categories of foreigners in Korea: While more nuanced than Google’s definition, ChatGPT’s definition still fails to account for: How the Term “Foreigner” Shapes Policy and Society Now that we better understand some of the legal, social, and cultural meanings of the term “foreigner” let’s explore how they impact diversity, equity, and inclusion programming in South Korea. Oversimplifying Diverse Populations The term “foreigner” lumps together individuals with vastly different legal statuses and cultural backgrounds. For example: This generalization leads to ineffective policies and programs. For instance, programs designed for tourists may not meet the needs of long-term residents or naturalized citizens. However, promotion and marketing for such programs imply they meet the needs of the entire “foreign” population. Additionally, such a program may only offer English support when the majority of the “foreigner” population in Korea doesn’t speak English. Reinforcing the “Outsider” Narrative The term “foreigner” reinforces a sense of exclusion, even for individuals deeply integrated into Korean society. This outsider narrative fosters a sense of alienation and limits social cohesion. Ignoring Intersectional Identities Korea’s growing multicultural population includes complex identities that are not fully captured by the term “foreigner.” Failing to account for these categories creates gaps in representation and services. Impact on Government Programs and Services Policies targeted at “foreigners” often overlook the diverse needs of this population. Limiting Research and Data Collection Government and community organizations struggle to collect accurate data on international residents because of inconsistent definitions of “foreigner.” Toward More Precise and Inclusive Language Ideally, foreigners across South Korea take a leadership role in the community and lead the English language version of this conversation. Therefore, a few years ago, I decided to be the change I want to see in the world. At South of Seoul, I established an initiative to move away from the term “foreigner” when possible in favor of more precise language, such as: This shift has improved communication and fostered a greater sense of belonging within the community. Recognizing the complexity of identity helps create more effective policies and programs. Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers, non-profit organizations, businesses, local & federal government, universities, and US military organizations to develop solutions to support English speaking international residents in rural South Korea. Additionally, Ms. Rivers-Woods founded the South of Seoul smart phone app available for Google Play and iPhone. The app provides information a resources for those living and traveling in South Korea. When she isn’t in South of Seoul development meetings or working her day job, Ms. Rivers-Woods loves to be outside at skate parks, the beach, or playing in the mountains. www.southofseoul.net

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Interested in accessing traditional medicine in South Korea? I’ve been visiting such clinics for the last 14 years and recently started using AI to better understand the teas I experience. So here is how I use AI to navigate Korean Traditional Medicine teas. Disclaimers & Foundational Information Nothing in this post exists as medical advice. Neither AI nor myself hold any medical training. You should always consult your physician regarding anything to do with your health. Additionally, AI information often has intense errors. You need to validate any information produced by AI or written online by bloggers since ever person’s needs are unique. The following offers a potential way to reduce the language barrier in South Korea so that you can ask better questions and improve your understanding regarding what doctors prescribe. Hanwiwon v. Traditional Medicine Let’s be clear, hanwiwons do not replace hospitals and vice versa. I still use the hospital for any illness, sickness, disease, or injury. However, in my case, much of my pain comes from issues that traditional medicine can’t solve. However, Korean traditional medicine clinics have great resources filled with the support my body needs. Since it’s affordable, easy to access, and paid for by Korean National Health Insurance – I will use that support as much as possible. What is a Korean Traditional Medicine Clinic? Korean traditional medicine clinics offer services focused on holistic well-being. They aren’t trying to cure all your illnesses but support your daily functioning and improve how your body processes things. Three common services offered at most clinics include: Acupuncture (침술) Using thin needles to stimulate specific body points, relieves pain and balances energy. Cupping Therapy (부항요법) Suction cups are placed on the skin, which may help improve blood flow. Herbal Teas and Formulas (한약) Tailored blends are prescribed based on individual health needs, often brewed from a mix of roots, herbs, and medicinal plants. This was what we will talk about understanding today. Framing My Experience with Korean Traditional Medicine Teas As a long-term resident in South Korea, I’ve come to rely on traditional Korean medicine clinics for various wellness needs. Due to a wide variety of genetic gifts, I need consistent wellness support to maintain my active and busy lifestyle. Since my pain level exceeded my caring level, I did not bother learning about the prescribed Korean Traditional Medicine teas. If I didn’t die, I kept drinking it. Based on the number of prescription opiates doctors forced me to take as a kid, I figured any tea they gave me was better than that. However, after partnering with the Songtan Traditional Market to host Vendor Visits, it piqued my interest in knowing what I consume. The interest turned to action after visiting a new Hanwiwon in Gangwon-do where the tea stopped all the pain for 6 days. However, with the language barrier and my general laziness, I wanted to learn more from the comfort of my own sofa without searching for hours so I turned to ChatGPT. Navigating Information with AI Tools I decided to use my own advice and use AI tools analyze the tea that dramatically improved my stomach function and eliminated most of my chronic pain. Deciphering the Herbal Ingredients with AI Specifically, I uploaded a photo of my herbal tea packet into a paid version of ChatGPT. Then I needed to design my prompt. I wanted to know the English/Latin names of the ingredients, and what they treated. Example AI Prompt: Every AI interaction requires you to create a prompt asking for what you need. For this, I wanted an organized way to quickly understand my tea. Since the tea impacted my chronic issues, I suspected it had a lot of vitamin B, magnesium, and potassium. I also wanted to know why a tea that I took after acupuncture for my elbow impacted my stomach and joints. Therefore, I created the following prompt: Read the image, explain the tea ingredients. Include such things as the ingredient name in English and Korean, the vitamins, minerals, and what it’s commonly used to treat. The Result: ChatGPT: Certainly! Here’s a draft for a blog post about the medicinal roots commonly used in Korean herbal medicine, detailing their nutrients, health benefits, and traditional applications: Ginseng Root (인삼 / Insam) Nutrients Health BenefitsGinseng, or insam in Korean, is one of the most well-known roots in herbal medicine worldwide. It’s revered for its adaptogenic properties, helping the body adapt to stress and enhancing overall energy levels. The ginsenosides in ginseng can improve immune function, mental performance, and reduce fatigue. Common UsesGinseng is commonly used to boost energy, increase resilience to stress, and support immune health. It’s often consumed as a tea, added to soups, or used in supplement form to maintain stamina and vitality. Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (백출 / Baekchul) Nutrients Health BenefitsBaekchul, or Atractylodes root, is mainly used to support digestive health and strengthen the spleen and stomach. It is thought to boost energy levels, reduce bloating, and regulate digestion, making it popular for those dealing with digestive discomfort. Common UsesAtractylodes is often included in formulas to promote digestive health and is especially useful for those with digestive imbalances. It can help with issues such as lack of appetite, bloating, and general fatigue. Poria Cocos Fungus (복령 / Bokryeong) Nutrients Health BenefitsBokryeong, or Poria, is a type of medicinal mushroom often used to promote calmness and reduce water retention. Known for its calming and diuretic effects, Poria is believed to support kidney function and promote mental clarity. Common UsesPoria is typically used to relieve anxiety, reduce bloating, and promote urination. It’s often added to formulas aimed at calming the mind and balancing water levels in the body, making it suitable for those with stress-induced tension. Licorice Root (감초 / Gamcho) Nutrients Health BenefitsLicorice root, or gamcho in Korean, is a versatile herb used in many traditional medicines. It’s known for its ability to reduce inflammation, soothe the digestive tract, and relieve respiratory issues. Glycyrrhizin, the primary active compound, has potent anti-inflammatory properties that make licorice root effective for respiratory and digestive health. Common UsesLicorice root is commonly used to alleviate sore throats, digestive discomfort, and inflammation. It also helps balance the effects of other herbs in formulas, acting as a harmonizer. You’ll often find it in traditional cough remedies and digestive tonics. Cnidium Officinale Root (천궁 / Cheongung) Nutrients Health BenefitsKnown as cheongung in Korean, Cnidium root is traditionally used to improve circulation and relieve pain. It is especially valued for its role in supporting menstrual health and easing discomfort due to its circulatory benefits. Ferulic acid and ligustilide contribute to its pain-relieving effects and antioxidant properties. Common UsesThis root is typically used to alleviate headaches, menstrual cramps, and improve circulation. It’s commonly included in formulas for women’s health, especially for balancing the menstrual cycle. Angelica Gigas Root (당귀 / Danggui) Nutrients Health BenefitsDanggui, or Angelica root, is sometimes called the “female ginseng” because of its significance in supporting women’s health. Rich in iron and other nutrients that support blood health, it is used to nourish the blood, regulate the menstrual cycle, and alleviate menstrual pain. Phytoestrogens present in Angelica can help with hormone regulation. Common UsesAngelica is widely used in traditional formulas aimed at supporting menstrual health and relieving cramps. It’s also used to nourish the blood, making it beneficial for those with fatigue and blood deficiency. What I Learned After reading through the tea ingredients I found my answers. The tea prescribed by the Traditional Medicine doctor in the mountains contains all of the vitamins my system struggle to sustain. Therfore, it makes sense that it impacted me in a positive way that sustained itself for days. Additional Questions Learning that the ingredients could impact the systems in my body that struggle, I wanted to know more about how it could impact me. Therefore, I designed prompts to reflect my exact conditions which I will not include here because that’s not for the internet. Instead, I will use high blood pressure as an example. Example Prompt: What should I know about this tea if I have high blood pressure? Example Result: Here are the results based on someone with blood pressure: If you have high blood pressure, it’s essential to consider how certain herbs in this tea might affect it. Here are some key points to be aware of: 1. Licorice Root (감초 / Gamcho) 2. Ginseng Root (인삼 / Insam) 3. Angelica Gigas Root (당귀 / Danggui) 4. General Tips for Consumption with High Blood Pressure Final Advice For those with high blood pressure, it’s best to approach herbal teas with caution, especially if they contain licorice or ginseng. Consulting with a healthcare provider familiar with herbal medicine can offer tailored guidance based on your specific health needs and medications. Example AI Prompt: Of course, if you have high blood pressure you might take medications and you need to know about potential drug interactions. How might this tea interact with perscription blood pressure medicine? Example Result: There turned out to be an important question to ask: If you’re on prescription blood pressure medications, certain herbs in this tea could interact with them, potentially altering the effectiveness or intensifying side effects. Here’s a breakdown of how each herb might interact with blood pressure medications: 1. Licorice Root (감초 / Gamcho) 2. Ginseng Root (인삼 / Insam) 3. Poria Cocos Fungus (복령 / Bokryeong) 4. Angelica Gigas Root (당귀 / Danggui) 5. Cnidium Officinale Root (천궁 / Cheongung) General Guidelines In summary, licorice root is the most likely to interfere with blood pressure medications, while other herbs may have milder or indirect interactions. Always exercise caution with herbal teas if you’re managing high blood pressure with prescription medication Additional Research After you complete the foundation AI research, you also need to validate the data regarding the Korean Traditional Medicine teas. Using the AI Information, source keywords for finding additional research and articles regarding each of the ingredients. After you have further research, ask your traditional medicine provider more specific questions about the tea. Verify everything. Additional Articles Other articles you may find useful: Lanae Rivers-Woods, MAITLanae Rivers-Woods moved to Korea in 2011 where she lives in the countryside with her family, friends, and puppies. She holds a BSSW (Bachelor’s of Science in Social Work), a MAIT (Master’s of Arts in International Teaching), and registered by the Pyeongtaek Korean Times with the Korean government as a Cultural Expert. Ms. Rivers-Woods used her 15 years experience as a social architect, UX/UI designer, and technology consultant to found South of Seoul in 2015. South of Seoul is a volunteer organization that leverages technological tools to mitigate cultural dissonance in multi-cultural communities. Through South of Seoul, Ms. Rivers-Woods works with independent volunteers, non-profit organizations, businesses, local & federal government, universities, and US military organizations to develop solutions to support English speaking international residents in rural South Korea. Additionally, Ms. Rivers-Woods founded the South of Seoul smart phone app available for Google Play and iPhone. The app provides information a resources for those living and traveling in South Korea. When she isn’t in South of Seoul development meetings or working her day job, Ms. Rivers-Woods loves to be outside at skate parks, the beach, or playing in the mountains. www.southofseoul.net

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Like international men, international women living in or visiting South Korea also deserve comprehensive guidance on getting their hair cut. Over the last 14 years, I visited dozens of salons across Korea. I’ve gone alone and with friends. Using those experiences, I’ve compiled information you might need for your next visit. Get ready for insights about women’s haircuts in Korea. Content Framework This Local Guide for Women’s Salons in Korea and Guide for Men’s Haircuts in Korea have many similarities. I created a template and changed the details relevant to each gender. The information that’s duplicated is simply true for everyone. So please don’t hate me for not rewriting cross-over information to save time and my sanity. Culture Shock for International Residents Let’s start with the common challenges international women face at Korean salons. Unless you’re visiting a foreigner-focused salon, things can get tricky. But you don’t want to travel across the country every time you need a haircut, so let’s dive into the issues and how to deal with them. Actually, especially for women, even if you travel across the country to visit a foreigner-focused salon, you aren’t guaranteed a stress-free experience. That’s because such salons serve foreigners from around the globe, not just your country. This means you still might experience some cultural differences and language issues that surprise you. So let’s talk about some of the cultural surprises in women’s salons in South Korea. Prices and Services at International Resident Focused Salons Vary Salons near US military bases that cater to international residents may have a different service style and price structure than regular Korean salons. For example, the salons focused on international residents may: Personal Side Note: After 14 years of using Korean salons, I have the most culture shock at salons for international residents due to the pricing models and customer service styles. Additionally, I’ve struggled more with communicating in English than in Korean. Therefore, my blogs about salons focus on using regular salons in Korea. Lack of Specialization for Foreign Hair Textures However, a major surprise for international women is that many Korean salons may not be familiar with handling certain hair types, particularly curly, coarse, or afro-textured hair. Most salons may only have experience with straight or slightly wavy hair, which is common in Korea. If your hair type is different, you’ll need to search for salons or stylists that specialize in diverse textures and international clients. Language Barriers Many local salons have limited English-speaking staff, especially in smaller towns. In expat-friendly areas like Itaewon, you’re more likely to find English-speaking stylists. However, learning some basic Korean hairdressing vocabulary or bringing pictures of the style you want will help avoid miscommunication. Simple phrases like “머리를 자르고 싶어요 (meorireul jareugo sipeoyo)” for “I want a haircut” can be useful. A longer list of key terms is provided later in this post. No Walk-Ins at Popular Salons Many upscale or trendy salons operate primarily on an appointment-only basis. While walk-ins are possible at smaller, neighborhood shops, trendy places require reservations, often made through KakaoTalk or Naver apps. You may need to be a legal resident of South Korea with a Foreign Registration Card (formerly called ARC), a bank account, and a Korean phone number to make reservations via Kakao and Naver. The Full-Service Approach In Korean salons, it’s standard to receive a full-service experience that includes not only a haircut but also a shampoo, scalp massage, and post-cut styling. Additionally, many salons offer treatments like coloring, perming, and conditioning. This level of service is welcome but may feel unfamiliar to those coming from countries where you might get a haircut without any extra treatments unless specifically requested. Basic Terms for Haircut Styles (Women) Korean salons are known for thorough consultations, which can be challenging if you don’t know the local terms. Your stylist might ask many questions to clarify what you want, so it’s best to have photos ready. It’s recommended to show photos from their social media or other Korean platforms to ensure better communication. We discuss social media research in more detail later in this post. Receiving a full consultation might be a relief if you have specific ideas, but it may also feel intense for those used to quick haircuts back home. Both you and your stylist might feel some stress while communicating. It’s important to work through that discomfort and focus on achieving the style you want. Concepts and Meaning May Not Be The Same Even the language surrounding haircuts has its own culture in Korea. Words you use may not carry the same meaning or be interpreted the same way here. Always bring images that show exactly what you want—don’t rely on words alone. Miscommunication is common, so it’s crucial to understand how stylists interpret your requests. Terms for Women’s Hair Cuts in South Korea Term Korean Term (Hangul) Explanation Commonality in Korean Salons Bob Cut 보브컷 (bobeu keot) A short to medium-length cut, typically straight around the head. Very common, versatile style. Layered Cut 레이어드 컷 (reieodeu keot) Hair is cut in layers to add volume and movement. Extremely common for added texture. Pixie Cut 픽시컷 (piksi keot) A very short hairstyle, typically short on the back and sides, longer on top. Popular among younger women. Long Straight 긴 생머리 (gin saengmeori) Long, straight hair with minimal layering. Extremely common. Wavy Haircut 웨이브 헤어컷 (weibeu heokeot) Hair styled with waves for a soft, flowing look. Common, especially in trendy salons. Bangs (Fringe) 앞머리 (apmeori) Various styles of bangs, from blunt to side-swept. Very common, often customized. Shag Cut 샤기컷 (syagi keot) A layered haircut with a tousled, messy appearance. Gaining popularity. Perm (Curly) 파마 (pama) Chemical treatment to add curls or waves. Extremely common. Straightening (Rebonding) 스트레이트 파마 (seuteureiteu pama) Chemical straightening treatment to make hair sleek and straight. Very common. Undercut 언더컷 (eondeo keot) Shorter sides with longer hair on top, often styled creatively. Less common for women, but trending. Bob with Layers 레이어드 보브 (reieodeu bobeu) A bob cut combined with layered ends for added texture. Very popular. Voluminous Blowout 볼륨업 (bollyumeop) Hair styled with extra volume using blow-drying techniques. Extremely common for special occasions. Hair Coloring 염색 (yeomsaek) Coloring hair with single or multiple shades, highlights, or balayage. Extremely common, highly varied. Highlights 하이라이트 (hairaiteu) Lighter streaks of color added to the hair for dimension. Very common. Balayage 발레아주 (ballaeaju) A freehand hair coloring technique for a natural, graduated look. Popular in high-end salons. Ombre 옴브레 (ombeure) A gradient color effect, usually darker at the roots and lighter at the ends. Common in trendy salons. Finding Women’s Cuts for Different Hair Textures As of 2024, if you have curly or coarse hair, finding a salon may still feel more challenging depending on where you are in South Korea. Most salons are highly experienced with straight and fine hair, which is common in East Asia. However, women with curly, coily, or coarse hair may have a harder time finding a stylist who understands their hair texture. Also, join groups on Facebook such as Black Hair Salons/Braids In Korea. Curly or Coarse Hair For curly or coarse hair, it’s best to look for international salons or hairdressers that cater to a diverse clientele. Areas like Itaewon, which has a large foreign population, have stylists experienced in a variety of hair textures. Try searching for places using terms like “외국인 여성머리 (waegugin yeoseong meori)” or “foreigner women’s haircut” on social media or Naver Blogs (not in Naver Maps, look specifically on Naver.com). Afro-textured Hair This can be particularly tricky. Traditional Korean salons are not well-equipped to handle Afro-textured hair, so it’s advisable to seek out a specialized salon or a stylist with experience in working with black hair. Itaewon or Pyeongtaek are considered by many to be the best areas to explore for these services. Thick, Wavy Hair While stylists in Korea are great at creating clean, sleek looks, women with thicker or wavier hair might want to clarify the desired amount of thinning or layering to avoid having too much bulk left in the hair. Be prepared to ask for specific techniques, such as texturizing or thinning, to control volume. Areas that May Have Foreigner Focused Salons You can find salons that cater to textured hair in the following cities: Remember, these salons are often located near U.S. military bases or in areas with large immigrant populations. Instagram is a great platform to start your search. Generational Differences in Korean Women’s Hairstyles So what are the local trends for cuts in Korea? Like any culture, each age group tends to lean toward different styles. We’ve put together a little look at the trends by age group in 2024. This will change with time. Older Generation (50+) Women in this age group often prefer classic, low-maintenance styles such as the bob cut or layered cuts that add subtle volume. These styles are practical and align with the conservative and formal aesthetics often seen in Korean professional settings. Many older women also opt for hair coloring to cover greys or to maintain a polished look. Middle-Aged Women (30–50) Many in this age group tend to favor sophisticated styles that balance professionalism with modern trends. Popular choices include layered bobs, balayage highlights, and soft waves. These styles are versatile, suitable for both office environments and social settings, and offer a polished yet stylish appearance. Younger Women (Teens–30s) Young women are much more experimental with their hair. Popular styles include pixie cuts, shags, and vibrant hair colors such as pastels or bold highlights. Influenced by K-pop and fashion trends, younger women often seek unique and trendy looks that stand out and express their individuality. Teenagers Teenagers in Korea, especially those influenced by K-pop, are adventurous with their styles. Colored highlights, ombre effects, and bold cuts like the lob (long bob) are more popular in this group. The younger generation often seeks cuts and colors that mimic their favorite idols or actors, embracing creativity and individuality. Terms for Searching Social Media If you want to explore more options in a localized context, use Korean hashtags on social media. Here’s a list of commonly used hashtags on Instagram and other platforms for women’s haircuts: Korean Social Media Vocabulary List These hashtags are widely used by Korean social media influencers, hairdressers, and stylists on Instagram to share and showcase their work in women’s grooming and hairstyling. Using these tags will help you connect with the Korean hairdressing community online or find inspiration for women’s hairstyles in Korea. Here’s the list organized into a table with recommendations for the most relevant platforms to search for each keyword: Hashtag (Korean) Pronunciation Meaning Recommended Platform #여자머리 #yeoja meori Women’s hair Instagram, Naver Blog #여자헤어스타일 #yeoja heeo seutail Women’s hairstyle Instagram, KakaoStory #여성헤어 #yeoseong heeo Female hair Instagram, Naver Blog #여자컷 #yeoja keot Women’s cut Instagram, Naver Blog #헤어샵 #heeo shap Hair salon Instagram, Naver Blog #컬러헤어 #keollo heeo Colored hair Instagram, YouTube #레이어컷 #reieo keot Layered cut Instagram, YouTube #보브컷 #bobeu keot Bob cut Instagram, Naver Blog #픽시컷 #piksi keot Pixie cut Instagram, YouTube #롱스트레이트 #long seuteureiteu Long straight hair Instagram, Naver Blog #웨이브헤어컷 #weibeu heokeot Wavy haircut Instagram, KakaoStory #앞머리 #apmeori Bangs (fringe) Instagram, Naver Blog #샤기컷 #syagi keot Shag cut Instagram, Naver Blog #파마 #pama Perm (curly) Instagram, Naver Blog #스트레이트파마 #seuteureiteu pama Straightening (rebonding) Instagram, Naver Blog #언더컷 #eondeo keot Undercut Instagram, YouTube #발레아주 #ballaeaju Balayage Instagram, KakaoStory #오므브레 #ombeure Ombre Instagram, YouTube #엠브로 #embreu Ombre (alternative spelling) Instagram, YouTube #하이라이트 #hairaiteu Highlights Instagram, Naver Blog #롤빵 #rollppang Rolled bangs Instagram, Naver Blog #볼륨업 #bollyumeop Voluminous blowout Instagram, YouTube Platform Recommendations: As we often mention in South of Seoul information, the local population in Korea engages with some different social media platforms than new international residents. Therefore, we want to let you know where to start your search: Researching Korean Social Hashtags Improves Your Salon Results Researching Korean hashtags may improve your results at the salon. As we previously mentioned, women’s style culture differs from other...

The post A Local Guide for Women’s Salons in Korea appeared first on South of Seoul.

Men living in or visiting South Korea deserve better guidance on getting their haircuts. After 13 years of visiting men’s salons with my partner, I’ve finally compiled a guide for men’s haircuts in Korea to help you feel more comfortable visiting men’s stylists across South Korea. Get ready for detailed insights about men’s haircuts in Korea. Content Framework This Guide for Men’s Haircuts in Korea our Local Guide for Women’s Salons in Korea have many similarities. I created a template and changed the details relevant to each gender. The information that’s duplicated is simply true for everyone. So please don’t hate me for not rewriting cross-over information to save time and my sanity. Culture Shock for International Residents Let’s start with the common challenges international residents face at Korean salons. Unless you’re visiting a foreigner-focused salon, things can get tricky. But you don’t want to travel across the country each time you need a haircut, so let’s dive into the issues and how to deal with them. Lack of Specialization for Foreign Hair Textures A major surprise for international men is that many Korean salons may not be familiar with handling certain hair types, particularly curly, coarse, or afro-textured hair. Most salons may only have experience with straight or slightly wavy hair, which is common in Korea. If you have a textured hair type, you may need to search for salons or stylists that specialize in diverse textures and international clients. Also, join groups on Facebook such as Black Hair Salons/Braids In Korea. Language Barriers Many local salons have limited English-speaking staff, especially in smaller towns. In expat-friendly areas like Itaewon, you’re more likely to find English-speaking stylists. However, learning some basic Korean hairdressing vocabulary or bringing pictures of the style you want will help avoid miscommunication. Simple phrases like “짧게 해주세요 (jjalge haejuseyo)” for “cut it short” can be useful. A full list of key terms is provided later in this post. No Walk-Ins at Popular Salons Many upscale or trendy barbershops and salons operate primarily on an appointment-only basis. While walk-ins are possible at smaller, neighborhood shops, trendy places require reservations, often made through KakaoTalk or Naver apps. Read 10 Mags Article on Naver appointments. You may need legal residency in South Korea to book online. Legal residency means you have a Foreign Registration Card (Formerly called ARC), bank account, and Korean phone number to make reservations via Kakao and Naver. The Full-Service Approach In Korean salons, it’s standard to receive a full-service experience that includes not only a haircut but also a shampoo, scalp massage, and post-cut styling. Many salons include all such services in the cost of the cut, not as add-ons. While this level of service is welcome, it may feel unfamiliar to those coming from countries where you might get a haircut without any extra treatments unless specifically requested. Basic Terms for Haircut Styles (Men) Korean salons often provide thorough consultations, which can be challenging if you don’t know the local terms. Your stylist might ask many questions to clarify what you want, so it’s best to have photos ready. Additionally, South of Seoul recommends that you show photos from the stylists/salon’s social media feed or other Korean platforms to ensure better communication. We discuss sourcing information from social media research in more detail later in this blog post. Receiving a full consultation might be a relief if you have specific ideas, but it may also feel intense for those used to quick haircuts back home. Both you and your stylist might feel some stress while communicating. It’s important to work through that discomfort and focus on achieving the style you want. Concepts and Meaning May Not Be The Same Even the language surrounding haircuts has its own culture in Korea. Words you use may not carry the same meaning in South Korea. Always bring images that show exactly what you want—don’t rely on words alone. Miscommunication is common, so it’s crucial to understand how stylists interpret your requests. Term Korean Term (Hangul) Explanation Commonality in Korean Salons Two-Block Cut 투블럭컷 (tubulleok keot) Hair is cut very short on the sides and back, with the top left longer. Extremely common among men, especially younger men. Dandy Cut 댄디컷 (daendi keot) A classic men’s cut with medium-length hair, usually styled softly to the side or back. Very common, especially for business or casual looks. Comma Hair 쉼표머리 (swimpyo meori) A trendy men’s style where the front hair is curled slightly inward, resembling a comma. Extremely trendy, especially in K-pop styles. Fade 페이드 컷 (peideu keot) A gradient cut where the hair gradually fades from longer to shorter. Common, especially in barbershops. Crew Cut 크루컷 (keuru keot) A very short, military-style haircut that is neat and low-maintenance. Common, especially for men seeking a simple, clean look. Ivy League Cut 아이비리그 컷 (aibiri-geu keot) A classic cut similar to the crew cut, but the top is left slightly longer for styling. Somewhat common, especially in trendy or upscale salons. Buzz Cut 스포츠머리 (seupocheu meori) A very short haircut achieved with clippers, often called a sports cut. Common, particularly for older men or those wanting a low-maintenance style. Pompadour 포마드 컷 (pomadeu keot) Hair is styled with volume at the front, combed backward, often with pomade. Somewhat common in barbershops or trendy salons. Mullet (Bi-Lateral) 멀릿 (meollit) or 라이언 컷 (raion keot) Longer at the back, shorter in the front. Often considered a retro or bold style. Rare but can be found in retro or K-pop-inspired styles. Caesar Cut 시저컷 (sijeo keot) A short, straight-cut fringe styled forward with the rest of the hair cut evenly. Less common, but trendy in certain circles. Undercut 언더컷 (eondeo keot) Similar to the two-block cut, but the contrast between the top and sides is more dramatic. Common, especially for fashion-forward or edgy looks. French Crop 프렌치 크롭 (peurenchi keurop) A short cut with the hair slightly longer on top and the fringe cut straight across. Gaining popularity, especially among younger men. Messy Hair 자연스러운 머리 (jayeonseureoun meori) Hair is cut in layers and styled to look slightly tousled and natural. Common among younger men looking for a casual look. Mohawk 모히칸컷 (mohikan keot) Hair is shaved on the sides and left long on the top, styled into a central strip. Rare but used in bold, statement styles. Disconnected Undercut 언더컷 디스커넥트 (eondeokeot diseukonekteu) A variation of the undercut with a clear separation between the long top and short sides. Fairly common for trendy and edgy looks. Terms for Men’s Hair Cuts in South Korea Finding Men’s Cuts for Different Hair Textures As of 2024, if you have curly or coarse hair, finding a salon may still feel more challenging depending on where you are in South Korea. Most salons are highly experienced with straight and fine hair, which is common in East Asia. However, men with curly, coily, or coarse hair may have a harder time finding a barber who understands their hair texture. Curly or Coarse Hair For curly or coarse hair, it’s best to look for international salons or barbershops that cater to a diverse clientele. Areas like Itaewon, which has a large foreign population, have barbers experienced in a variety of hair textures. Try searching for places using terms like “외국인 남자머리 (waegugin namja meori)” or “foreigner men’s haircut” on social media or Naver Blogs (not in Naver Maps, look specifically on Naver.com). Afro-textured Hair This can be particularly tricky. Traditional Korean salons are not well-equipped to handle Afro-textured hair, so it’s advisable to seek out a specialized barbershop or a salon with experience in working with black hair. Itaewon or Pyeongtaek are considered by many to be the best areas to explore for these services. Join groups on Facebook such as Black Hair Salons/Braids In Korea. Thick, Wavy Hair While stylists in Korea are great at creating clean, sleek looks, men with thicker or wavier hair might want to clarify the desired amount of thinning or layering to avoid having too much bulk left in the hair. Be prepared to ask for specific techniques, such as texturizing or thinning, to control volume. Areas that May Have Foreigner Focused Salons You can find salons that cater to textured hair in the following cities: Remember, these salons are often located near U.S. military bases or in areas with large immigrant populations. Instagram is a great platform to start your search. Generational Differences in Korean Men’s Hairstyles So what are the local trends for cuts in Korea? Like any culture, each age group tends to lean toward different styles. We’ve put together a little look at the trends by age group in 2024. This will change with time. Older Generation (50+) Men in this age group often prefer short, neat cuts, like the crew cut or sports cut (스포츠머리, seupocheu meori). These cuts are practical and low-maintenance, which suit the formal and conservative styles often seen in Korean business culture. Many older men also opt for darker hair coloring to cover any greying. Middle-Aged Men (30–50) Many in this age group tend to favor clean, professional styles like the pompadour (포마드컷, pomadeu keot), dandy cut (댄디컷, daendi keot), or Ivy League cuts (아이비리그 컷, aibiri-geu keot). They view such cuts as polished and suitable for both office settings and casual environments. Younger Men (Teens–30s) Young men are much more experimental with their hair. One popular style includes the two-block cut (투블럭컷, tubulleok keot), where they cut short the sides short but the top is left long. Other trendy options are the comma hair (쉼표머리, swimpyo meori), with its soft, inward curls, and more voluminous styles like the French crop or faux hawk. Teenagers Teenagers in Korea, especially those influenced by K-pop, are adventurous with their styles. Colored highlights, perms, and bold cuts like the mullet (멀릿, meollit) are more popular in this group. The younger generation often seeks cuts that mimic their favorite idols or actors. Terms for Searching Social Media If you want to explore more options in a localized context, use Korean hashtags on social media. Here’s a list of commonly used hashtags on Instagram and other platforms for men’s haircuts: Korean Social Media Vocabulary List These hashtags are widely used by Korean social media influencers, barbers, and stylists on Instagram to share and showcase their work in men’s grooming and hairstyling. Using these tags will help you connect with the Korean barbering community online or find inspiration for men’s hairstyles in Korea. Here’s the list organized into a table with recommendations for the most relevant platforms to search for each keyword: Hashtag (Korean) Pronunciation Meaning Recommended Platform #남자머리 #namja meori Men’s hair Instagram, Naver Blog #남자헤어스타일 #namja heeo seutail Men’s hairstyle Instagram, KakaoStory #남성헤어 #namseong heeo Male hair Instagram, Naver Blog #남자컷 #namja keot Men’s cut Instagram, Naver Blog #바버샵 #babeoshap Barbershop Instagram, Naver Blog #페이드컷 #peideu keot Fade cut Instagram, YouTube #남자펌 #namja peom Men’s perm Instagram, Naver Blog #투블럭컷 #tubulleok keot Two-block cut Instagram, YouTube #리젠트컷 #rijeonteu keot Regent cut (Pompadour) Instagram, KakaoStory #아이비리그컷 #aibiri geu keot Ivy League cut Instagram, Naver Blog #댄디컷 #daendi keot Dandy cut Instagram, Naver Blog #남자다운펌 #namja daun peom Down perm (for straightening) Instagram, YouTube #남자탈색 #namja talsaek Men’s hair bleaching Instagram, Naver Blog #크롭컷 #keurop keot Crop cut Instagram, YouTube #모히칸컷 #mohikan keot Mohawk cut Instagram, YouTube #포마드컷 #pomadeu keot Pompadour cut Instagram, KakaoStory #남자스타일링 #namja seutailing Men’s styling Instagram, YouTube #남자염색 #namja yeomsaek Men’s hair dyeing Instagram, Naver Blog #스킨페이드 #seukin peideu Skin fade Instagram, YouTube #남자볼륨펌 #namja bollyum peom Men’s volume perm Instagram, Naver Blog Platform Recommendations: As we often mention in South of Seoul information, the local population in Korea engages with some different social media platforms than new international residents. Therefore, we want to let you know where to start your search: Researching Korean Social Hashtags Improves Your Salon Results Researching Korean hashtags may improve your results at the salon. As we previously mentioned, men’s style culture differs from other countries. Therefore, the more you look...

The post Guide for Men’s Haircuts in Korea appeared first on South of Seoul.